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目的掌握新疆哈萨克族和柯尔克孜族中小学生形态发育指标的变化特征,为学校体育卫生工作提供科学依据。方法对1985年和2010年新疆哈萨克族和柯尔克孜族7~18岁中小学生身高、体重、胸围调查资料进行分析比较。结果 25年间新疆哈萨克族和柯尔克孜族学生的身高、体重、胸围基本保持增长,其中,哈萨克族男生平均增长值分别为:6.9 cm、5.4 kg、2.2 cm,女生分别为:6 cm、4.9 kg、2.7 cm;柯尔克孜族男生平均增长值分别为:4.9 cm、3.2 kg、0.1 cm,女生分别为:4.2 cm、3 kg、1 cm;哈萨克族和柯尔克孜族学生的身体形态发育各有差异,总体水平:哈萨克族中小学生的身体形态发育水平优于柯尔克孜族中小学生,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论近25年间,新疆哈萨克族和柯尔克孜族学生的身体形态发育各有差异,哈萨克族学生的身体形态发育水平优于柯尔克孜族学生。
Objective To grasp the characteristics of the morphological development of primary and secondary school students in Kazaks and Kirgizs in Xinjiang, and to provide scientific evidences for the health education in schools. Methods The data of height, weight and chest survey of Kazaks and Kazaks aged 7-18 years in Xinjiang in 1985 and 2010 were analyzed and compared. Results The height, weight and chest circumference of Kazak and Kirgiz students in Xinjiang maintained a steady growth over the 25 years. Among them, the average growth rates of Kazakh boys were 6.9 cm, 5.4 kg and 2.2 cm respectively, while the female students were 6 cm and 4.9 kg respectively. 2.7 cm respectively. The average growth rates of Kirgiz boys were 4.9 cm, 3.2 kg and 0.1 cm respectively, while those of girls were 4.2 cm, 3 kg and 1 cm respectively. There were differences in body shape between Kazak and Kirgiz students, : The body shape and development of primary and secondary school students in Kazak are better than that of Kirghiz primary and secondary school students, and the difference is statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion In the recent 25 years, the body shape and development of Kazakh and Kirgiz students in Xinjiang are different. The Kazakh students’ body shape and development are better than those of Kirgiz students.