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目的分析并掌握新疆精河县健康人群麻疹和风疹抗体水平,评价疫苗接种效果和人群免疫状况,查找基础免疫薄弱环节,为制定免疫规划策略和防治措施提供依据。方法按照分层随机抽样原则在县所辖的5个乡(镇、场)分层抽取7个年龄组健康人群215人,采用酶联免疫(ELISA)方法检测麻疹Ig G和风疹Ig G。结果麻疹Ig G总阳性率66.51%,风疹Ig G总阳性率48.37%;不同性别麻疹(χ2=0.27)和风疹(χ2=3.26)Ig G阳性率差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05),各年龄组麻疹Ig G阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=21.07,P<0.05)和风疹Ig G阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.65,P>0.05);不同族别麻疹(χ2=0.71)和风疹(χ2=7.27)Ig G阳性率差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论精河县不同年龄、族别和性别组的健康人群麻疹Ig G和风疹Ig G阳性率、总Ig G阳性率均远低于接种后Ig G阳性率达到90.00%以上的标准,不具备有效的群体免疫屏障作用;今后应重视8月龄儿童“麻风”、18月龄儿童“麻腮风”疫苗的及时接种,持续开展对未种人群含麻疹、风疹类疫苗查漏补种,适时开展含麻疹和风疹类疫苗的强化免疫活动,扩大免疫覆盖率。
Objective To analyze and grasp the levels of measles and rubella in healthy population in Jinghe County of Xinjiang, evaluate the effect of vaccination and the immune status of the population, find the weak links of basic immunization, and provide the basis for formulating immunization planning strategies and prevention and treatment measures. Methods According to the principle of stratified random sampling, 215 healthy people of 7 age groups were stratified in 5 townships (towns and farms) under the jurisdiction of the county. IgM and rubella Ig of measles were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The positive rate of Ig G in measles was 66.51% and the positive rate of Ig G in rubella was 48.37%. There was no significant difference in Ig G positive rate between measles (χ2 = 0.27) and rubella (χ2 = 3.26) (P> 0.05) There was no significant difference in IgG positive rate of measles among all age groups (χ2 = 21.07, P <0.05) and rubella Ig G positive rate (χ2 = 3.65, P> 0.05) 0.71) and rubella (χ2 = 7.27) Ig G positive rate was no significant difference (all P> 0.05). Conclusion The positive rate of measles Ig G and rubella Ig G and the positive rate of total Ig G in healthy population of Jinghe County were significantly lower than that of Ig G positive rate of 90.00% after inoculation in Jinghe County, which did not have effective The role of immune barrier; should pay attention to 8-month-old children “leprosy ”, 18-month-old children “MMR ” vaccine timely inoculation, continued unpopular populations including measles, Species, timely and measles and rubella-containing vaccine to strengthen the immunization activities, expand the coverage of immunization.