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自从2006年山中伸弥成功地将小鼠皮肤成纤维细胞重编程为诱导性多能干细胞(Induced pluripotent stem cells,i PSCs),i PSCs已成为科学家们研究的热点之一。而i PSCs在为基础研究和再生医学提供了无限可能的同时,相关争论焦点也随之产生,如i PSCs有可能导致肿瘤已成为其在临床应用前需要进一步证实、面对和解决的问题。目前已经有相关研究人员对i PSCs是否具有潜在致瘤性进行了探索。研究结果表明,i PSCs基因表达谱与癌细胞基因表达谱具有交集,重编程过程中积累了基因损伤,以及在培养过程中的基因突变都是其致瘤性产生的原因之一。研究人员目前已经找到很多减少i PSCs致瘤性的方法,比如优化促重编程因子、筛选表达载体、筛选细胞株等。文中对i PSCs致瘤可能性的原因和如何消除其致瘤性进行了综述。
Since 2006 Yamanouchohima successfully reprogrammed murine skin fibroblasts into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), iPSCs have become one of the hot topics for scientists. While iPSCs provide unlimited possibilities for basic research and regenerative medicine, the related controversy also arises. For example, iPSCs may cause tumors to become the problems they need to be further confirmed, confronted and solved before clinical application. At present, relevant researchers have explored whether iPSCs have potential tumorigenicity. The results show that the gene expression profile of i PSCs intersects with the gene expression profile of cancer cells, and genetic damage is accumulated during reprogramming and the gene mutation during culture is one of the causes of tumorigenicity. Researchers have found many ways to reduce the tumorigenicity of i PSCs, such as optimizing pro-reprogramming factors, screening expression vectors and screening cell lines. In this paper, the possible causes of iPSCs tumorigenesis and how to eliminate their tumorigenicity are reviewed.