作为一种语言现象,隐喻备受争议,因此关于隐喻也产生了许多不同的理论。隐喻可以从三个层面进行分析:符号学、语义学和语用学。符号学理论在单词的层面分析隐喻,认为隐喻是专名问题。语义学理论在句子的层面研究隐喻,隐喻成为述谓问题。语用学则在话语的层面讨论隐喻现象,考虑语境的作用。在这三个层面分析隐喻现象,从不同的角度看待隐喻,具有互补性。 As a linguistic phenomenon, metaphor is controversial, so there are many different theories about metaphor. Metaphor can be analyzed from three levels: semiotics, semantics and pragmatics. Semiotic theory analyzes the metaphor at the word level and regards metaphor as a proper name problem. The theory of semantics studies metaphors at the level of sentences, and the metaphor becomes the topic of predicate. Pragmatics discusses metaphorical phenomena at discourse level, considering the role of context. Analyze the metaphorical phenomena in these three levels and look at the metaphors from different perspectives, which are complementary.