多年来,民航业一直实行的是高度集中统一的计划经济体制,在这种状况下,民航运价的制定一直由政府控制。为适应和推动市场经济的发展,作为民航业突出问题的运价及其管理体制的改革也就成为民航改革的一个重要方面。为此,民航业有关部门实施了一系列的运价改革措施。但都没有跳出统一定价的框架,没有触动高度集中的运价管理体制。 一、我国目前民航运价状况 1.价格刻板僵化、脱离市场。目前各主要航空公司在102条航线上采取联营措施,根据联营方案,票价由国家民航总局严格管制,实行全国统一运价。这种价格形成机制没有依据市场供求状况,丧失了对市场的调节作用,也最终导致民航无法通过产品价格获得自身的正常经济效益。 Over the years, the civil aviation industry has been practicing a highly centralized and unified planned economic system. Under such circumstances, the formulation of tariffs for civil aviation has always been controlled by the government. In order to adapt to and promote the development of a market economy, the reform of tariffs and management systems as a prominent issue in the civil aviation industry has become an important aspect of the civil aviation reform. To this end, the civil aviation industry departments implemented a series of tariff reform measures. However, they did not jump out of the framework of uniform pricing and did not touch the highly centralized tariff management system. First, the current status of China’s civil aviation tariff 1. Price rigid rigid, from the market. At present, all major airlines take joint measures on 102 routes. According to the joint venture program, fares are strictly controlled by the State Civil Aviation Administration and the national tariffs are implemented. This price formation mechanism does not rely on the market supply and demand, the loss of the regulatory role of the market, but also ultimately lead to civil aviation can not be through the product price to obtain their normal economic benefits.