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5-羟色胺(5-HT)作为神经递质,需与5-HT受体(5-HTR)结合才能发挥正常的生理功能。5-HTR可分为7大类,并可进一步分为14个亚型。研究发现几乎所有的5-HTR类型在脑内均有表达,但它们的分布区域、密度及作用特点各不相同,故它们的主要生理功能也不尽相同。目前证实许多疾病,如抑郁症、偏头痛和精神分裂等与5-HT某些受体亚型的异常有关。本综述主要对5-HTR亚型在脑内的分布情况及可能具备的功能作简要介绍,为进一步研究提供参考。
Serotonin (5-HT), as a neurotransmitter, binds to the 5-HT receptor (5-HTR) to exert its normal physiological functions. 5-HTR can be divided into seven categories, and can be further divided into 14 subtypes. The study found that almost all 5-HTR types are expressed in the brain, but their distribution area, density and role of different characteristics, so their main physiological functions are not the same. It has been demonstrated that many diseases such as depression, migraine and schizophrenia are related to the abnormalities of certain receptor subtypes of 5-HT. This review summarizes the distribution of 5-HTR subtypes in the brain and the possible functions of the 5-HTR subtypes, providing a reference for further research.