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一、引言 在声纳中,为了提高对信号的检测能力,常用的方法之一是增大基阵 的几何尺寸。但是,由于基阵的几何尺寸较大,而且较重,简单的用机械 方式直接实现基阵旋转困难,既使基阵勉强能旋转,其转速也比较低,一般也难于满足技术要求。因此,这时用什么方法实现波束形成及连续扫描(也就是等效于基阵的空间旋转)是声纳中的关键技术之一。一般说来,实现波束形成的方法主要有:(1)延时求和波束形成器;(2)相控阵波束形成器;(3)相关波束形成器。但目前声纳中实现波束
I. INTRODUCTION In sonar, one of the commonly used methods is to increase the geometry of the array in order to improve the signal detection capability. However, since the geometric dimensions of the array are large and heavy, it is difficult to simply rotate the array directly by a mechanical method. Even if the array can barely rotate, its rotational speed is relatively low, and it is generally difficult to meet the technical requirements. Therefore, what method is used to achieve beamforming and continuous scanning (that is, equivalent to the spatial rotation of the array) is one of the key technologies in sonar. In general, the main methods to achieve beamforming are: (1) delay summation beamformer; (2) phased array beamformer; (3) correlation beamformer. But now the sonar beam