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马克思进行政治经济学研究的方法是从具体到抽象,从具体的经济现象出发去探求现象背后的本质关系。而阐述方法则是从抽象到具体,从最简单、最本质的规定出发,把抽象的规定在思维进程中导致具体的再现。从抽象上升到具体的逻辑方法,与历史方法保持了大体上的统一。而马克思主义政治经济学之所以达到如此之高的水准,前提就是掌握了辩证法这一科学的研究方法。因此,只有理解了辩证法,才能真正理解劳动价值论的真谛。
Marx’s approach to conducting political economy studies is to explore the essential relationship behind the phenomenon from concrete to abstract and from specific economic phenomena. The elaboration method is from abstract to concrete, starting from the simplest and most essential provisions, the abstract provisions in the thinking process lead to a concrete reproduction. From abstract to concrete logical method, and historical methods to maintain a general unity. The reason why Marxist political economy has achieved such a high standard is that it masters the scientific method of dialectics. Therefore, only by understanding dialectics can we really understand the true meaning of labor theory of value.