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目的:探讨早产的危险因素、对母婴的影响及防治方法。方法:回顾性分析早产146例。结果:早产相关因素中居前三位的是:胎膜早破、不明原因和重度子痫前期;早产组和对照组比较,孕妇年龄及人工流产次数,差异无显著性(P>0.05);早产组孕妇年龄及人工流产次数高于对照组,早产组新生儿体质量、新生儿窒息率及新生儿死亡率均高于对照组,早产组产后出血、新生儿肺炎、新生儿窒息、新生儿死亡明显高于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:胎膜早破、不明原因早产和重度子痫前期是导致早产的主要原因,孕妇年龄的增高及人工流产次数的增多会增加早产的发生率,早产会降低新生儿体质量,增加新生儿窒息率及新生儿死亡率、产后出血、新生儿肺炎、新生儿窒息、新生儿死亡的发生率。
Objective: To explore the risk factors of preterm birth, the impact on maternal and infant and prevention methods. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 146 cases of preterm labor. Results: Among the top three factors of preterm birth, premature rupture of membranes, unexplained preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia, there was no significant difference in the age of pregnant women and the number of induced abortion between preterm and control groups (P> 0.05) The pregnant women’s age and the number of induced abortion were higher in the preterm group than those in the control group. The body weight, neonatal asphyxia and neonatal mortality in the preterm group were higher than those in the control group. The postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal pneumonia, neonatal asphyxia, neonatal death Significantly higher than the control group, the difference was significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: Premature rupture of membranes, unexplained preterm birth and severe preeclampsia are the main causes of preterm birth. The increase of pregnant women’s age and the number of induced abortion will increase the incidence of preterm birth. Premature labor will reduce the weight of newborn and increase the number of newborns Asphyxia and Neonatal Mortality, Postpartum Hemorrhage, Neonatal Pneumonia, Neonatal Asphyxia and Neonatal Mortality.