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【目的】了解南京市3～6岁儿童睡眠问题发生情况、影响因素及其对儿童的危害,为防治儿童睡眠问题提供依据。【方法】随机抽取南京市1 327名3～6岁儿童进行睡眠状况的问卷调查。【结果】南京市3～6岁儿童睡眠问题发生率为52.67%,其中男童为56.10%,女童为48.60%,两者间差异有统计学意义;睡眠时各症状发生率为多汗34.51%,磨牙14.47%,辗转不安10.78%,打呼噜10.32%,说梦话9.34%,用口呼吸6.41%,肢体抽动4.60%,白天睡得多夜间清醒2.03%,睡眠中出现尖叫、哭喊2.03%,入睡过早或傍晚入睡1.96%,喉头哽咽1.28%,睡眠中轻微刺激即惊醒0.98%,有痉挛性肢体抽动0.38%,呼吸暂停0.23%,梦游0.08%。男童睡眠中多汗、白天睡的多、夜间清醒发生率高于女童;睡眠时说梦话发生率女童显著高于男童。呼吸道疾病、夜间入睡前的情绪、夜间入睡时间、夜间睡眠经常采用的姿势、喜欢活跃的户外活动是影响儿童睡眠的相关因素。【结论】南京市3～6岁儿童睡眠问题发生率较高,为52.67%,高于很多城市的调查水平。儿童睡眠问题发生率男童大于女童。儿童的睡眠受年龄、疾病、环境等多种因素影响。因此应加强家长对儿童睡眠问题的认识,控制危险因素,早期发现,及时干预和治疗。
【Objective】 To understand the occurrence, influencing factors and harm of children’s sleep problems in 3 ~ 6 years old children in Nanjing, and to provide basis for prevention and treatment of children’s sleep problems. 【Method】 A random sample of 1 327 children aged 3 ~ 6 years in Nanjing was surveyed for sleep status. 【Results】 The incidence of sleep problems among children aged 3-6 in Nanjing was 52.67%, of which 56.10% were for boys and 48.60% for girls, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. The incidence of various symptoms during sleep was 34.51% , Molars 14.47%, restlessness 10.78%, snoring 10.32%, sleepy 9.34%, mouth breathing 6.41%, limb twitching 4.60%, sleep more during the day 2.03% awake at night, sleep scream, cry 2.03% , Falling asleep early or early evening 1.96%, 1.28% choking throat, sleep a slight stimulation that is awakened 0.98%, 0.38% with spastic limb twitch, apnea 0.23%, sleep 0.08%. Boys sleep sweating, sleep more during the day, the incidence of awake at night than girls; sleep during sleepy girls was significantly higher than boys. Respiratory disease, mood before going to sleep at night, night time to sleep, night sleep often used posture, like active outdoor activities are related to children’s sleep factors. 【Conclusion】 The incidence of sleep problems among children aged 3 ~ 6 in Nanjing is higher than that in many cities at 52.67%. The incidence of childhood sleep problems in boys is greater than girls. Children’s sleep by age, disease, environment and other factors. Therefore, parents should strengthen awareness of children’s sleep problems, control risk factors, early detection, timely intervention and treatment.