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人乳头状瘤病毒(Human Papillomavirus,HPV)感染在宫颈癌发生发展过程中起重要作用。p16基因在细胞周期调控中发挥负反馈作用,是细胞周期依赖性激酶抑制剂,作用于细胞分化周期的G1～S期,负调节细胞增殖及分裂。c-myc基因是一种参与细胞分化和恶性增殖的核蛋白基因。p53基因是迄今发现与人类肿瘤相关性最高的基因,能调节细胞周期停滞和促进有DNA损害的细胞凋亡。脆性组氨酸三联体(FHIT)基因在调控细胞周期和诱导细胞凋亡方面发挥重要作用。survivin基因是凋亡抑制基因,是迄今发现的最强的凋亡抑制因子。综述宫颈癌与HPV感染及相关癌基因和抑癌基因的研究进展,对检测宫颈癌及宫颈上皮内瘤样病变、预测病变进展及判断预后等有潜在临床应用价值。
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection plays an important role in the development of cervical cancer. The p16 gene plays a negative feedback role in cell cycle regulation. It is a cell cycle-dependent kinase inhibitor that acts on the G1-S phase of the cell cycle and negatively regulates cell proliferation and division. c-myc gene is a nuclear protein involved in cell differentiation and malignant proliferation. The p53 gene is by far the most relevant gene found in human tumors and regulates cell cycle arrest and promotes DNA damage in apoptotic cells. The FHIT gene plays an important role in regulating cell cycle and inducing cell apoptosis. The survivin gene is an inhibitor of apoptosis and is the strongest inhibitor of apoptosis so far found. This review summarizes the progress of cervical cancer and HPV infection and related oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, and has potential clinical value in detecting cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, predicting the progression of disease and prognosis.