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现代日语的助词共有三十多个,其中,有的用法单一,容易掌握;有的则比较复杂难学,尤其是“に”的用法最多,学习上最为困难。因此,国内外的日语语法书和日语工具书都对助词“に”用了较多的篇幅做了分类和讲解。作者在日语教学实践中,经常感到不少“に”的用法,按现有许多语法上的分类,归纳不尽,解释不通,深感有进一步细分的必要。下面综合现有国内外若干日语语法书中有关“に”的用法,选用医用例句,做了比较详细的划分。这样细分有无必要,分类是否得当,请批评和指正。
In modern Japanese, there are more than 30 auxiliary words, of which some are single-use and easy to grasp; others are more complex and difficult to learn, especially “ni” has the most usage and the most difficult learning. Therefore, the Japanese grammar book at home and abroad and Japanese tools are used on the auxiliary word “に” spent more space to do the classification and explain. In Japanese teaching practice, the author often feels a lot of usage of “ni”. According to many existing grammatical classification, the author can not sum up and can not explain it, and deeply deems it necessary for further subdivision. The following integrated a number of Japanese grammar book at home and abroad on the “ni” usage, the use of medical examples, made a more detailed division. This subdivision is not necessary, the classification is appropriate, please criticize and correct.