环青海湖北岸的麻黄科植物共有1科1属4种,即中麻黄、草麻黄、单子麻黄、矮麻黄[1-3],现将种类形态特征及经济用途介绍如下。1麻黄属特征(科属同征)灌木,亚灌木或草本。茎直立或匍匐,多分枝,小枝对生或轮生,具节。叶鳞片状,膜质,对生,稀轮生,基部合生或呈鞘状。花单性,多雌雄异株,雄花具膜质假花被,雌花被顶端开口的假花被包围。种子被以 Ephedra on the northern bank of Qinghai Lake, a total of 1 families and 1 genus 4 kinds, namely, ephedra, ephedra, ephedra, short ephedra [1-3], now the types of morphological characteristics and economic uses are described below. 1 Ephedra characteristics (families belonging to the same sign) shrubs, sub-shrubs or herbs. Stems erect or prostrate, much branched, branchlets opposite or whorled, nodding. Leaf scales, membranous, opposite, whorled, basally connate or sheathlike. Flowers unisexual, dioecious, male flowers with membranous fake perianth, female flowers are surrounded by the top opening of the fake flowers. Seeds are taken