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采用熔体直接反应法,通过加入不同Nb含量的反应物,制备出了Al3Nb/Al复合材料。借助X射线衍射分析仪(XRD)、光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱分析仪(EDX)对Al3Nb/Al复合材料的微观组织、物相以及断口形貌进行了分析。结果表明,随Nb含量增加,生成的增强体颗粒明显增多,在加入Nb含量为10%时,生成的增强体颗粒分布均匀、尺寸稳定。该复合材料的抗拉强度、伸长率随Nb含量的增加先增加后下降,与基体比较有很大提高。该复合材料的硬度随Nb含量的增加而增加。其断裂方式由脆性断裂和韧性断裂共同决定。
Al3Nb / Al composites were prepared by melt direct reaction method by adding reactants with different Nb contents. The microstructure, phase and fracture morphology of Al3Nb / Al composites were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDX) The results show that with the increase of the content of Nb, the particles of the reinforced body are obviously increased. When the content of Nb is 10%, the particles of the reinforced body are evenly distributed and the size is stable. The tensile strength and elongation of the composites increase first and then decrease with the increase of Nb content, which is greatly improved compared with the matrix. The hardness of the composites increases with the increase of Nb content. The fracture mode is determined by brittle fracture and ductile fracture.