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目的观测心肌桥与壁冠状动脉形态学变化,探讨心肌桥与壁冠状动脉病变的关系。方法收集40例尸体心脏标本,观测心肌桥的出现率;测量心肌桥的长、宽、厚度;取心肌桥前、桥下、桥后的冠状动脉,分别石蜡包埋,切片,HE染色,观察各部位血管壁结构的变化。结果在40例心脏标本中,发现心肌桥23处,出现率为56%。其中左冠状动脉及分支上出现心肌桥为18例(占45%),右冠状动脉及分支上发现心肌桥为5例(占12.5%)。心肌桥平均长、宽、厚度分别(1.49±0.135)cm、(0.39±0.036)cm、(0.18±0.050)cm。心肌桥冠状动脉内膜测量,桥前段较桥下、桥后段有明显不规则增厚,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论心肌桥的出现以单一前室间支为主。心肌桥宽度、长度对桥前壁冠状动脉内膜厚度影响较小,心肌桥的厚度与桥前冠状动脉内膜增厚呈正相关。心肌桥的厚度对冠状动脉病变可能有重要关系。
Objective To observe the morphological changes of myocardial bridge and wall coronary artery and to explore the relationship between myocardial bridge and wall coronary artery disease. Methods 40 corpse heart specimens were collected to observe the incidence of myocardial bridge. The length, width and thickness of myocardial bridge were measured. Coronary artery before, after, and under the bridge of the myocardium were paraffin embedded, sectioned and stained with HE. Changes in the structure of blood vessel walls at various sites. Results In 40 cases of cardiac samples, 23 myocardial bridges were found, with a prevalence of 56%. Among them, there were 18 cases (45%) of the left coronary arteries and branches, and 5 cases (12.5%) of the myocardial bridges found on the right coronary artery and branches. Myocardial bridge average length, width, thickness (1.49 ± 0.135) cm, (0.39 ± 0.036) cm, (0.18 ± 0.050) cm. Myocardial bridge coronary artery intimal measurement, anterior bridge more than the bridge, the posterior segment of the bridge was significantly irregular thickening, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The appearance of myocardial bridge is dominated by a single anterior interventricular branch. Myocardial bridge width and length of the anterior wall of the coronary artery intimal thickness less affected, the thickness of myocardial bridge and coronary artery intimal thickening was positively correlated. The thickness of myocardial bridge may have an important relationship with coronary artery disease.