目的:分析评价原为疟疾高度流行区的广西上林县历年疟疾防治效果,为该县消除疟疾提供依据。方法:收集该县1950~2014年疟疾防治资料,采用Excel 2004版软件进行统计分析和制作图表。结果:该县20世纪50和60年代是以间日疟原虫流行为主的疟疾高度流行区,1954年的疟疾病例报告为10 601例,人群发病为5 050.31/10万,1991年至今在当地居民中未发现内源性疟疾病例。20世纪80和90年代流动人口的疟疾病例主要在国内疟疾流行区感染,2012年开始每月均有非洲感染的恶性疟病例发现,2013年的6、7两个月内疟疾病例急剧增加到762例,占全年总病例数的72.43%(762/1 052),并以恶性疟为主,在国内实属罕见。通过对流动人口疟疾病例积极防治,未出现死亡病例和继发性疟疾病例。结论:该县在过去的64年间对当地居民的疟疾流行进行了有效控制,同时有效监测并及时控制流动人口中的疟疾病例取得较好的效果。 OBJECTIVE: To analyze and evaluate the malaria control effect in Shanglin County, Guangxi, which was originally a highly endemic area of ​​malaria, and provide a basis for malaria elimination in this county. Methods: The malaria prevention and treatment data collected from 1950 to 2014 in this county were collected and analyzed by Excel 2004 software. Results: In the 1950s and 1960s, the county was a highly endemic area of ​​malaria predominantly infected with Plasmodium vivax. The number of malaria cases reported in 1954 was 10,601 and the incidence of the population was 5,050.31 / 100,000. Since 1991, local No cases of endogenous malaria were found among residents. Malaria cases in the floating population in the 1980s and 1990s were mainly found in the domestic malaria endemic areas. Cases of falciparum malaria infection in Africa were detected monthly from 2012 onwards. The number of cases of malaria increased sharply to 762 in the first two months of 2013 and in 2013 For example, accounting for 72.43% (762/1 052) of the total number of cases in the whole year, predominantly falciparum malaria is rare in China. Through active prevention and treatment of malaria cases in floating population, no deaths or cases of secondary malaria occurred. Conclusion: In the past 64 years, the county has effectively controlled the malaria epidemic among local residents and effectively monitored and promptly controlled malaria cases among floating population.