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目的用分子生物学、流行病学研究方法研究吸毒人群HIV-1感染的分子生物学和行为学因素、流行特征和趋势,为制定有效的防治措施提供依据。方法问卷调查和HIV-1抗体检测,PCR和荧光标记末端终止物循环测序法检测HIV-1受体基因CCR5△32/△32和核苷酸序列、亚型。结果HIV-1感染率为57.14%。没有发现136-bp△32CCR5突变体。静脉注射率为86%,注射器共用率为47.9%。80.4%和8.9%的吸毒人员分别曾有过异性和同性性行为。HIV-1毒株至少有C、E两个亚型,C亚型为优势亚型,可能存在其它亚型或混合感染,亚型基因变异不大。结论吸毒人群为HIV-1易感人群,静脉吸毒、性交为HIV-1感染的行为因素,HIV-1感染毒株亚型呈多样性,应采取行为干预和针对不同流行毒株亚型的措施来防治HIV-1。
Objective To investigate the molecular biology and behavioral factors, epidemiological characteristics and trends of HIV-1 infection among drug users using molecular biology and epidemiological methods, and provide basis for effective prevention and control measures. Methods HIV-1 receptor gene CCR5 △ 32 / △ 32 and its nucleotide sequence and subtype were detected by questionnaire, HIV-1 antibody detection, PCR and fluorescent-labeled terminal terminator cycle sequencing. Results The HIV-1 infection rate was 57.14%. No 136-bp? 32CCR5 mutant was found. Intravenous injection rate was 86%, syringe sharing rate was 47.9%. 80.4% and 8.9% of drug addicts had had heterosexual and homosexual activities respectively. HIV-1 strains at least C, E two subtypes, C subtype is the dominant subtype, there may be other subtypes or mixed infection, subgenotype gene variation. Conclusion The drug users are HIV-1-susceptible, intravenous drug users and sexual intercourse are the behavioral factors of HIV-1 infection. The subtypes of HIV-1 infected strains are diverse. Behavior interventions and subtypes of different epidemic strains should be taken To prevent HIV-1.