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“专制政治”是民国时期知识精英认识和分析中国古代政治的重要概念,是历史研究中重要的理论分析视角,也是历史教科书书写中公认的权威知识。民国时期该观念通过小学历史教科书广泛传播,逐渐从精英群体延伸到普通大众,遂成为普通大众认知、分析中国古代历史的基本视角和不证自明的知识预设。这种诠释不仅深深影响了民国民众对中国历史传统的建构与认知,也影响了时下国人对中国历史的正确评价。
“Authoritarian politics ” is the important concept that the intellectual elite knew and analyzed the ancient Chinese politics during the Republic of China, an important theoretical analysis perspective in historical research, and also the universally recognized authoritative knowledge in the history textbooks. During the period of the Republic of China, this concept was widely disseminated through the history textbooks of primary schools and gradually extended from the elite groups to the general public. Thus it became the general public’s cognition and analysis of the basic perspective of ancient Chinese history and the self-evident knowledge preconditions. This interpretation not only deeply affected the people in the Republic of China’s history and traditions of the construction and cognition, but also affects the people right now the correct assessment of Chinese history.