中国的戊戌变法与日本的明治维新都属自上而下的资产阶级改良运动,有许多近似之处。由于两国在进行改革时所处的社会历史条件和国际环境不尽相同,又各具其特点。本文试就此略加比较。 首先,改革前的国情相似。日本在十八世纪时出现了资本主义的萌芽。当时,在一些生产部门中开始涌现出了具有资本主义性质的手工工场,产生了雇佣劳动。之 There are many similarities between China's reform in 1898 and Japan's Meiji Reform, which belong to the top-down bourgeois reform movement. Since the social and historical conditions and the international environment in which the two countries are engaged in carrying out the reforms vary, they each have their own characteristics. This article try to compare this slightly. First of all, the national conditions before the reform are similar. Japan saw the seeds of capitalism in the eighteenth century. At that time, a handicraft factory of capitalist nature started to emerge in some production departments, generating wage labor. It