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（目的）研究食管小细胞癌（SCCE）的临床病理特征。（方法）通过对13例SCCE的病理形态分析和免疫组化SAP法EMA、NSE、Cytokeratin、ChromograninA、Synaptophsin检测。〔结果）病理组织学分为小圆、燕麦细胞到6例，中间型2例，混合型3型，基底细胞样型2例。全组免疫组化上皮和神经内分泌标记均显示较高双向表达的检出率。随访6例中5例（83％）死于诊治后1年内。（结论）SCCE是一种生长迅速，侵袭性强，恶性度高，预后差，且具有多向分化增能特征的神经内分泌癌，应与一般食管癌相区分。
(Objective) To study the clinicopathological features of small cell esophageal carcinoma (SCCE). (Methods) Pathological morphological analysis of 13 cases of SCCE and immunohistochemical detection of EMA, NSE, Cytokeratin, Chromogranin A, and Synaptophsin were performed. [Results] Histopathology was divided into small round and oat cells up to 6 cases, intermediate type 2 cases, mixed type 3 type, and basal cell type 2 cases. Both immunohistochemical epithelial and neuroendocrine markers showed higher detection rates of bidirectional expression. Follow-up was performed in 5 patients (83%) who died during the first year after diagnosis and treatment. (Conclusion) SCCE is a neuroendocrine carcinoma with rapid growth, strong invasiveness, high degree of malignancy, poor prognosis, and multi-differentiation and differentiation, and should be distinguished from general esophageal cancer.