论文部分内容阅读
流行病学是研究疾病分布规律及影响因素,借以探讨病因,阐明流行规律,制订预防、控制和消灭疾病的对策和措施的科学。它是预防医学的一个重要学科。其研究方法不仅适用于疾病的研究,而且适用于预防医学中环境卫生、劳动卫生、食品卫生等各种有害因素对人体健康影响的研究。同时在临床工作和药效评价方面也常采用流行病学的分析方法,探讨和解决存在的问题。因此,流行病学又称方法学,是广大基层卫生人员和乡村医生从事防治工作时必备的预防医学知识。 1.流行病学研究的基本内容在初级卫生保健中有许多问题是流行病学研究的基本内容。如传
Epidemiology is to study the distribution of diseases and influencing factors in order to explore the etiology, clarify the laws of the epidemic, the development of prevention, control and elimination of disease science and measures. It is an important discipline in preventive medicine. Its research methods are not only suitable for the study of diseases, but also for the study of the preventive effects of various harmful factors such as environmental health, labor and health, food hygiene on human health in medicine. In the meantime, epidemiological analysis methods are also often used in clinical work and evaluation of efficacy to explore and solve the existing problems. Therefore, epidemiology, also known as methodology, is the necessary preventive medicine knowledge for the prevention and control work of grassroots health workers and rural doctors. 1. The Basics of Epidemiological Research There are many issues in primary health care that are fundamental to epidemiological research. Such as pass