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在对上海市500余所学校的50000多名小学生的测试中发现,小学语文教学中的汉字学习成效显著,小学生在汉字的书写、读音、词语(包括成语)和诗句的掌握等方面都达到了《上海市语文课程标准》的相关要求。测试也反映出一些亟待注意的问题,如对复杂字形汉字书写的关注。《上海市中小学语文课程标准》要求小学阶段学会正确书写2500个汉字,中华人民共和国教育部《义务教育语文课程常用字表一》所列举的汉字也是2500个,其中不乏字形比较复杂的,学生书写有一定难度,课堂教学要予以关注。要强化汉语拼音的学习,帮助学生达到课标提出的“正确熟练地品读音节”、“熟练地运用汉语拼音识字”等要求。汉字学习和其他需要记忆的事物一样,存在遗忘曲线。因此,教学中要经常复习,不断巩固,形成牢固记忆,要持续保持对字词掌握的关注。教师是学生汉字学习的引领人,要加强自身修养,立足课内,拓展课外,更好地完成传承民族文化的重任。
In the test of more than 50,000 elementary school students in more than 500 schools in Shanghai, it was found that Chinese learning in primary Chinese teaching achieved remarkable results. Primary school students reached the goals of writing Chinese characters, reading pronunciation, words (including idioms) and mastering poems Relevant Requirements of “Shanghai Language Courses Standard”. The test also reflects some issues that require urgent attention, such as the concern for the writing of complicated Chinese characters. The “Standard of Chinese Curriculum for Primary and Middle Schools in Shanghai” requires that 2,500 Chinese characters be correctly written in primary school, and 2500 characters listed by the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China for “Commonly Used Word Book 1 in Compulsory Education Chinese Curriculum”, many of which are complex in shape. Students, Writing a certain degree of difficulty, classroom teaching should be concerned about. To strengthen the study of Pinyin, to help students achieve the standard proposed “skillfully read syllables ”, “proficiency in Chinese pinyin literacy ” and other requirements. Learning Chinese and other things that need to remember, there is a forgotten curve. Therefore, the teaching should always review, continue to consolidate, form a firm memory, to maintain the concern of the word master. Teachers are the leaders of students’ learning Chinese characters. It is imperative to strengthen self-cultivation, take a class-based approach, expand extra-curricular activities and better fulfill the important task of inheriting national culture.