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肿瘤抑制基因p53是目前研究最广泛和系统的抑癌基因之一。p53与其上、下游基因形成复杂的信号网络来发挥功能。p53基因的突变或缺失与多种人类恶性肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关,所以p53基因是目前多种抗肿瘤药物开发的靶点。多糖由于其低毒和抗肿瘤效果成为生物大分子抗肿瘤的研究热点。目前认为,多糖在体内外抗肿瘤机制有两方面:一是通过增强机体免疫力以抑制肿瘤增殖,另一则是激活胞内信号通路,调控肿瘤相关基因表达,诱导肿瘤细胞衰老、细胞周期阻滞与凋亡达到对肿瘤细胞的抑制作用。该文综述了近些年多糖通过调控p53信号网络来发挥其抗肿瘤及抗衰老等作用,为多糖的开发与利用提供参考依据。
Tumor suppressor gene p53 is one of the most widely studied and systematic tumor suppressor genes. p53 and its upstream and downstream genes form a complex network of signals to function. The mutation or deletion of p53 gene is closely related to the occurrence and development of many human malignancies. Therefore, p53 gene is currently the target of many antitumor drugs. Due to its low toxicity and anti-tumor effect, polysaccharide has become a hot research topic in anti-tumor of biological macromolecules. Currently, polysaccharide in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor mechanism has two aspects: First, by enhancing the body immunity to inhibit tumor proliferation, and the other is to activate intracellular signaling pathway, regulating tumor-related gene expression, induced tumor cell senescence, cell cycle resistance Hysteresis and apoptosis reached the tumor cell inhibitory effect. In this paper, polysaccharides in recent years through the regulation of p53 signaling network to play its anti-tumor and anti-aging effects, provide a reference for the development and utilization of polysaccharides.