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为了降低大口径望远镜在研制和使用过程中的技术风险,将从结构函数的角度对大口径望远镜光机系统评价方法进行分析和研究。首先通过理论计算得出结构函数与光机系统评价的常用指标——斯特利尔比以及系统波像差均方根的关系,并对于结构函数的具体求解方法进行了讨论;然后对于低阶Zernike项对应的系统低频波像差以及Kolmogorov谱反演代表的高频系统波像差进行了分析,得出结构函数在不同的评价尺度下系统斯特利尔比的变化趋势。由于大气相干长度与系统结构函数有直接关系,且直接影响到大口径光学系统的使用效果,最后基于极大似然估计提出了一种大气相干长度估计方法。
In order to reduce the technical risk of large-aperture telescope in the process of its development and use, the evaluation method of large-aperture telescope optical system will be analyzed and studied from the perspective of structural function. First of all, the relationship between the structure function and the common indicator of the evaluation of the light machine system - the Strier ratio and the root mean square of the system wave aberration is obtained through theoretical calculations. The concrete solution of the structure function is discussed. Then, for the low order Zernike corresponding system low frequency wave aberration and Kolmogorov spectrum inversion represented by the high frequency system wave aberration were analyzed, the structure function in different evaluation scale system Strigne ratio change trend. Since the coherence length of the atmosphere is directly related to the system structure function and directly affects the use of the large aperture optical system, a coherent length estimation method based on maximum likelihood estimation is proposed.