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以乌鲁木齐市生活垃圾为原料进行高温堆肥发酵,研究了堆肥过程中各营养成分的变化情况及堆肥腐熟程度。结果表明:在乌鲁木齐市生活垃圾处理厂目前生产工艺下,氮素和碳素损失均主要发生在发酵前3 d,发酵后期氮素和碳素损失较少。因此,堆肥发酵前3 d是控制养分损失的关键时期。在堆肥过程中,速效钾含量从堆制当天的1507 mg/kg,增加到结束的2099 mg/kg;速效磷的含量从堆制开始的78 mg/kg,增加到结束的103 mg/kg。不同发酵时期的堆肥样品进行发芽率试验结果表明,生活垃圾在发酵过程中产生植物生长抑制物质较少。C/N比、堆温的试验结果表明生活垃圾经45 d堆制,基本达到了腐熟堆肥的要求。
The municipal solid waste in Urumqi was used as raw material to carry out high-temperature compost fermentation. The changes of various nutrients and compost maturity in composting process were studied. The results showed that under the current production process of municipal solid waste treatment plant in Urumqi, the nitrogen and carbon losses occurred mainly three days before fermentation, with less nitrogen and carbon losses during the late fermentation period. Therefore, composting 3 d before fermentation is the key period to control nutrient loss. During composting, available potassium increased from 1507 mg / kg on the day of composting to 2099 mg / kg at the end of the day. The content of available phosphorus increased from 78 mg / kg at the start of composting to 103 mg / kg at the end of the composting period. The results of the germination rate of compost samples in different fermentation stages showed that there was less plant growth-inhibiting substance in domestic waste during fermentation. The results of C / N ratio and stack temperature show that the domestic rubbish is compostd by 45 d and basically meets the requirements of compost compost.