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目的了解青海藏族大学生开展预防艾滋病健康教育活动的效果,为民族地区有效开展预防艾滋病的健康教育工作提供依据。方法整群抽取青海省在读藏族大学生进行为期3个月的健康教育,在健康教育前(404人)、后(403人)分别进行问卷调查,比较学生艾滋病知识、态度、行为的变化。结果健康教育后藏族大学生对艾滋病流行及危害认识均超过84%,艾滋病知识知晓率均有所提高(P值均<0.01),对艾滋病感染者歧视态度明显下降(P值均<0.01),对婚前性行为认可率有所下降(P<0.01),支持安全性行为者提高了39.5个百分点(P<0.01)。结论青海藏族大学生艾滋病及相关知识了解较少。多途径艾滋病健康教育宣传方式可明显提高藏族学生对艾滋病的认识,应在其他民族地区积极推广。
Objective To understand the effects of AIDS prevention and health education among Tibetan students in Qinghai and to provide basis for effectively carrying out AIDS prevention health education in ethnic minority areas. Methods A total of three-month health education was conducted among Tibetan college students in Qinghai Province. Before the health education (404 people) and afterwards (403 people), questionnaires were conducted to compare the changes of AIDS knowledge, attitude and behavior among students. Results After the health education, more than 84% of Tibetan college students were aware of the HIV / AIDS pandemic and their harm, and the awareness rate of HIV / AIDS knowledge was all increased (P <0.01). The discriminatory attitude toward AIDS patients was significantly lower (P <0.01) The pre-marital sexual acceptance rate declined (P <0.01), and those who supported safety behaviors increased by 39.5 percentage points (P <0.01). Conclusion There is little understanding of HIV / AIDS and related knowledge among Tibetan college students in Qinghai. Multi-channel AIDS health education and propaganda methods can significantly improve Tibetan students’ awareness of AIDS and should be actively promoted in other ethnic areas.