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目的了解武汉地区住院儿童呼吸道感染的病原体检出率及流行特征,为临床诊断提供有效依据。方法收集22 482例于2012年1月~2014年12月到武汉大学人民医院就诊并诊断为呼吸道感染患儿的血清标本,使用间接免疫荧光法检测9种呼吸道病原体Ig M抗体。结果 112 607例患儿病原体抗体阳性,病原体总阳性检出率为56.08%,检出率较高的病原体为肺炎支原体(MP)、乙型流感病毒(Flu B)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)和腺病毒(ADV),其他病原体检出率较低;其中,单一感染6317例(50.11%),混合感染6290例(49.89%),单一感染以是MP为主,混合感染以MP+Flu B模式多见。2女性患儿呼吸道9项病原体Ig M阳性检出率均高于男性;男女患儿之间单重感染比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),多重感染比较差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。3不同年龄段分组显示,婴儿组呼吸道感染者人数最多(47.75%),学龄组呼吸道感染者人数最少(6.95%);各年龄组MP检出率最高,其次主要为Flu B和ADV,≥1岁患儿各病原体检出率明显高于<1岁患儿。结论武汉地区引起儿童呼吸道感染的病原体主要是MP、Flu B、ADV和RSV,不同年龄段病原体感染率不同。
Objective To understand the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of pathogens in respiratory tract infections in hospitalized children in Wuhan, and to provide an effective basis for clinical diagnosis. Methods A total of 22 482 serum samples from patients who were diagnosed as respiratory tract infection were collected from 22 482 patients from January 2012 to December 2014 in People’s Hospital of Wuhan University, and 9 respiratory pathogens were detected by indirect immunofluorescence. Results The positive rate of pathogens in 112 607 children was 56.08%. The pathogens with high detection rate were MP, Flu B, RSV, And adenovirus (ADV). Among them, 6317 (50.11%) were single infection and 6290 (49.89%) were mixed infection. The single infection was MP, and the mixed infection was MP + Flu B More common mode. The positive rates of IgM in 9 respiratory tract pathogens in 2 females were higher than those in males. There was no significant difference between male and female children (P> 0.05), and there was a significant difference between the multiple infections (P <0.01). 3 The groups with different age groups showed the highest number of respiratory infections in the infant group (47.75%) and the lowest number of respiratory tract infections in the school-age group (6.95%). The MP detection rate was highest in all age groups, followed by Flu B and ADV, The detection rate of each pathogen in children was significantly higher than that in children <1 year old. Conclusions The main pathogens causing respiratory tract infection in children in Wuhan are MP, Flu B, ADV and RSV. The infection rates of pathogens in different age groups are different.