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油类污染地下水的过程中发生了各种物理作用、化学作用和生物作用。本文利用山东省淄博市某地下水饮用水源地油类污染事故的资料，通过地下水环境对照值的统计，首次研究了地下水油类污染与其他组分的关系，以及油类污染地下水造成的地下水地球化学的变化。提出地下水环境对照值可以作为地下水是否受到油类污染的水文地球化学指标。研究区中地下水油类重污染区的Ｃｌ－、ＣＯＤ、硬度和矿化度升高幅度较大，而轻微污染区则升高幅度较小；对于ＮＯ－３则在油类重污染区含量非常低，而轻微污染区则升高。研究区地下水地球化学环境的变化是由于油类污染过程中离子交换作用和硝化作用与反硝化作用等水文地球化学作用的结果
A variety of physical, chemical, and biological effects have taken place during the polluting of groundwater by oil. Based on the data of oil pollution accident in a groundwater source of drinking water in Zibo City, Shandong Province, the relationship between groundwater oil pollution and other components and the groundwater caused by polluted groundwater Chemical changes. It is proposed that the control value of groundwater environment can be used as a hydrogeochemical indicator of whether or not groundwater is polluted by oil. Cl-, COD, hardness and salinity of heavy polluted areas of groundwater in the study area increased a lot, while that in slightly polluted areas increased slightly; for NO-3, the content of NO- Low, while slightly contaminated areas are increased. The change of groundwater geochemistry environment in the study area is the result of hydrogeochemistry such as ion exchange and nitrification and denitrification in the process of oil pollution