论文部分内容阅读
[目的]通过深入调查上海市某区常住社区居民的吸烟情况及影响因素,为进一步开展有效控烟提供科学依据。[方法]2007年9—12月,采取整群抽样的方法,对上海市某社区11个居委的13 567名全年龄段常住居民进行问卷调查。调查内容包括:人口学特征资料、个人吸烟、饮酒、饮茶情况。应用卡方检验和非条件logistic回归方法评估吸烟与调查因素的关联。[结果]调查对象总吸烟率21.0%(2 083/9 903)。除家庭人均月收入外,不同性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、工种、饮酒状况、饮茶状况人群吸烟率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。吸烟者开始吸烟年龄为(22.7±6.4)岁,65.4%的居民起床后60 min以内开始吸第一支烟。多因素分析显示:男性吸烟率高于女性(OR=46.97,95%CI:33.26,66.32);20~、30~、40~岁年龄组吸烟率均大于<20岁组,OR值(95%CI)分别为3.56(2.06,6.17)、4.42(2.50,7.83)、4.16(2.43,7.14);大专及以上文化程度者吸烟率低于初中及以下(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.43~0.81);从事脑力劳动者吸烟率低于从事体力劳动者(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.61~0.98);已婚者和丧偶者的吸烟率高于未婚者,OR值(95%CI)分别为2.21(1.07,4.58)、2.19(1.70,2.81);饮酒者吸烟率高于不饮酒者(OR=2.53,95%CI:1.97~3.26);饮茶者吸烟率高于不饮茶者(OR=2.29,95%CI:1.87~2.81)。[结论]上海市某社区常住居民的总体吸烟率较高。男性、中年人、较低的文化程度、体力劳动者以及有饮茶和饮酒习惯的人群,与吸烟行为的关系更密切。
[Objective] The purpose of this study was to provide a scientific basis for further effective tobacco control through in-depth investigation of smoking status and its influencing factors among residents living in a community in Shanghai. [Methods] From September to December 2007, a cluster sampling method was used to survey 13 567 residents of all ages in 11 neighborhoods of a certain community in Shanghai. The survey includes demographic data, personal smoking, drinking, drinking tea situation. Chi- square test and non-conditional logistic regression were used to evaluate the association between smoking and investigation factors. [Results] The total smoking rate of respondents was 21.0% (2,083/9,903). Except monthly per capita household income, there were significant differences in smoking prevalence among different sexes, ages, educational level, marital status, types of work, drinking status and tea drinking status (P <0.05). The smoker started smoking at the age of (22.7 ± 6.4) years and 65.4% of the residents started to smoke the first cigarette within 60 minutes after getting up. Multivariate analysis showed that the smoking rate in males was higher than that in females (OR = 46.97,95% CI: 33.26,66.32). The smoking rates in 20 ~ 30, 40 ~ CI) were 3.56 (2.06, 6.17), 4.42 (2.50, 7.83) and 4.16 (2.43, 7.14), respectively. The prevalence of smoking was lower than that of junior high school education (OR = 0.59,95% CI: 0.43-0.81 (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.61-0.98). The smoking rate of married and widowed persons was higher than that of unmarried people (OR 95% CI) respectively (OR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.97-3.26). The smoking rate of tea drinkers was higher than that of non-drinkers OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.87-2.81). [Conclusion] The general smoking rate of permanent residents in a certain community in Shanghai is higher. Men, middle-aged people, lower literacy, manual workers and people with tea drinking and drinking habits are more closely linked to smoking behavior.