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目的:探讨部队受辐射人群健康危害因素,针对主要危害因素提出并实施干预措施,最大限度地降低辐射安全隐患。方法:基于多年对部队受辐射人群职业健康管理的经验,阐述部队人群受电离辐射潜在危害的现状,归纳部队人群受电离辐射主要危害因素,探讨辐射健康危害干预措施。结果:部队利用电离辐射行业复杂,官兵放射防护知识缺乏,是电离辐射危害广大官兵健康安全的重要因素;核能利用过程中危害因素的不确定性,很大程度上增加了各种核与辐射突发事件风险;我国核与辐射突发事件的突发形势更加复杂多样,防范和应对面临严峻挑战。因此,应加强部队受辐照人群的放射防护知识培训和个人剂量监测管理,重视部队受辐照人群的职业健康监护,建立统一高效的应对核与辐射突发事件机制,增强核与辐射突发事件应急保障能力。结论:通过部队受辐射人群健康危害因素分析,提出并实施辐射危害干预措施,有利于降低部队受辐照人群健康风险。
OBJECTIVE: To explore the health hazards of the radiation units of the military units and to put forward and implement intervention measures aimed at the main hazards to minimize the potential safety hazard of radiation. Methods: Based on years of experience in the occupational health management of radiation units exposed by troops, the current situation of the troops exposed to potential risks from ionizing radiation was summarized. The main hazards of ionizing radiation to the troops were summarized, and the interventions for radiation health hazards were explored. Results: The troops used the ionizing radiation industry to be complex, and the lack of knowledge about the radiological protection of officers and soldiers was an important factor that jeopardized the health and safety of officers and soldiers. The uncertainty of the harmful factors in the utilization of nuclear energy greatly increased the number of nuclear and radiological processes The risk of incidents; the unexpected situation of nuclear and radiation emergencies in our country is more complicated and diverse, and prevention and response are facing severe challenges. Therefore, radiological knowledge training and personal dose monitoring and management of irradiated groups should be strengthened, the occupational health monitoring of irradiated groups should be emphasized, a unified and efficient emergency response mechanism for nuclear and radiation should be established, and the nuclear and radiation emergencies should be enhanced Incident emergency support capability. Conclusion: Through the analysis of the health hazards of the radiated people in the armed forces, putting forward and implementing the radiation hazard intervention measures will help to reduce the health risks of the exposed people in the armed forces.