【摘 要】
:
鄂尔多斯盆地为典型的克拉通内盆地,油、气、煤、盐、铀等矿产资源丰富.研究构造运动的期次、序列与性质将为揭示克拉通盆地的成因与演化过程奠定基础,同时也将为探讨多种能源、矿产资源赋存的内在机制提供依据.基于近年来的高精度区域反射地震剖面和深井资料,结合周缘地质露头分析,通过厘定鄂尔多斯盆地的关键构造变革时期,建立了盆地演化的时-空框架.研究表明,鄂尔多斯盆地由下至上发育10个区域不整合面,分别为长城系、蓟县系、震旦系、寒武系、奥陶系、石炭系、三叠系、侏罗系、白垩系和第四系底界不整合面;盆地发育中元古界、寒武系
【机 构】
:
中国地质大学(北京)能源学院 北京 100083;中国石油长庆油田公司勘探开发研究院 陕西西安 710018
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鄂尔多斯盆地为典型的克拉通内盆地,油、气、煤、盐、铀等矿产资源丰富.研究构造运动的期次、序列与性质将为揭示克拉通盆地的成因与演化过程奠定基础,同时也将为探讨多种能源、矿产资源赋存的内在机制提供依据.基于近年来的高精度区域反射地震剖面和深井资料,结合周缘地质露头分析,通过厘定鄂尔多斯盆地的关键构造变革时期,建立了盆地演化的时-空框架.研究表明,鄂尔多斯盆地由下至上发育10个区域不整合面,分别为长城系、蓟县系、震旦系、寒武系、奥陶系、石炭系、三叠系、侏罗系、白垩系和第四系底界不整合面;盆地发育中元古界、寒武系—奥陶系、上石炭统—三叠系、侏罗系、下白垩统和新生界6个构造-地层层序.鄂尔多斯盆地的形成与演化受控于周缘板块构造作用,经历了中元古代早—中期大陆裂解、寒武纪—中奥陶世被动大陆边缘、晚奥陶世主动大陆边缘形成与碰撞造山、晚石炭世—二叠纪末期周缘裂解、中生代早期大型陆内坳陷、中生代中—晚期陆内前陆盆地和新生代周缘断陷等演化过程.鄂尔多斯盆地岩石圈深部的构造作用相对活跃,盆地内部发育中奥陶世、中—晚三叠世、早白垩世与晚中新世4期中酸性、中基性火山活动,其中,早白垩世晚期的火山活动强烈.结合周缘板块构造事件、盆内岩浆活动和盆地沉降-隆升过程分析,鄂尔多斯盆地经历了新元古代、晚奥陶世、中—晚三叠世、晚侏罗世—早白垩世、新生代5个关键构造变革期,这些构造变革期控制了盆地的构造演化和地质结构,对鄂尔多斯盆地的油气分布产生了深远影响.
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