论文部分内容阅读
目的 分析2005-2017年贵州省国家免疫规划 (NIP) 针对传染病学校突发公共卫生事件 (Public health emergencyevent, PHEE) 流行病学特征.方法 通过中国PHEE报告信息系统收集贵州省2005-2017年NIP针对传染病学校PHEE数据, 进行描述流行病学分析.结果2005-2017年贵州省共报告NIP针对传染病学校PHEE 433起, 报告病例14 236例, 总罹患率为1.8％.各年报告PHEE在3起 (2005年)-92起 (2008年) 之间.麻疹、风疹、流行性腮腺炎、甲型肝炎、流行性脑脊髓膜炎、乙型脑炎PHEE分别占1.2％、15.7％、75.5％、5.3％、0.5％、1.8％, 病例数 (罹患率) 分别为125例 (0.2％) 、1 889例 (3.1％) 、10 454例 (3.6％) 、1 742例 (0.8％) 、13例 (0.6％) 、13例 (0.01％) .幼儿园、小学、初中、工读学校、高等院校PHEE数分别占2.3％、93.3％、0.7％、3.2％、0.5％, 病例数 (罹患率) 分别为211例 (0.3％) 、12 732例 (1.9％) 、59例 (1.7％) 、673例 (4.5％) 、561例 (2.4％) .农村、城镇地区PHEE数分别占82.4％和17.6％.结论2005-2017年贵州省NIP针对传染病学校PHEE呈下降趋势.需重点加强农村地区学校的接种查验和NIP疫苗接种工作.“,”Objective To analyze characteristics of school-based public health emergency events (PHEEs) of National Immunization Program (NIP) targeted diseases in Guizhou province during 2005-2017. Methods We used the National PHEE Reporting System to obtain data on school-based PHEEs of NIP-targeted diseases during 2005-2017 in Guizhou for a descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 433 school-based PHEEs of NIP-targeted diseases were reported in Guizhou during 2005-2017, comprising 14 236 reported cases, for an attack rate of 1.8％. The number of reported PHEEs ranged f rom 3 (2005) to 92 (2008) by year. Measles, rubella, mumps, hepatitis A, meningococcal meningitis, and Japanese encephalitis PHEEs accounted for 1.2％, 15.7％, 75.5％, 5.3％, 0.5％, and 1.8％, respectively, with the numbers of cases (attack rates) of 125 (0.2％), 1 889 (3.1％), 10 454 (3.6％), 1 742 (0.8％), 13 (0.6％), and 13 (0.01％). PHEEs in kindergartens, primary schools, middle schools, ref orm schools, and universities accounted f or2.3％, 93.3％, 0.7％, 3.2％, and 0.5％, respectively, with the numbers of cases (attack rates) of 211 (0.3％), 12 732 (1.9％), 59 (1.7％), 673 (4.5％), and 561 (2.4％). PHEEs in rural and urban areas accounted for 82.4％ and 17.6％. Conclusion School-based PHEEs of NIP-targeted diseases showed a decreasing trend in Guizhou during 2005-2017. We need to strengthen vaccination record checks and catch-up vaccination in rural schools.