一、前言近200年来,能源在人类发展工农业的历史中起着非常重大的作用。自本世纪七十年代以来,工业化国家受到石油危机的冲击。因此,新够源的开发,已成为各国工业发展必须解决的重大问题之一。我国自建国以来,工农业生产有了很快增长。但是,由于生产的迅速发展和人民物质文化生活水平的提高,能源的供应不能适应要求。 I. Preface In the past 200 years, energy has played a very important role in the history of mankind’s development of industry and agriculture. Since the seventies of this century, the industrialized countries have been hit by the oil crisis. Therefore, the development of new enough sources has become one of the major issues that industrial development in various countries must solve. Since the founding of our country, industrial and agricultural production has enjoyed rapid growth. However, due to the rapid development of production and improvement of people’s material and cultural life, the supply of energy can not meet the requirements.