布里渊光时域分析(BOTDA)是目前分布式光纤测量技术的主流。介绍了该技术的研究进展及主要技术方法,阐述了该技术的原理、特点及主要技术局限。针对传统BOTDA的局限,介绍了预抽运脉冲BOTDA(PPPBOTDA)与差分脉冲对BOTDA(DPP-BOTDA)这两种可提高空间分辨率、测量精度与信噪比(SNR)的新技术,分析了这两种技术的原理、实现方法以及相较于传统BOTDA技术的优点。介绍了利用保偏光纤(PMF)和光子晶体光纤(PCF)的特性同时测量温度与应变的新技术。 Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis (BOTDA) is currently the mainstream of distributed optical measurement technology. The research progress and main technical methods of the technology are introduced, and the principle, characteristics and main technical limitations of the technology are expounded. In view of the limitations of traditional BOTDA, two new techniques, POTB (DPBOTDA) and BOPDA (DPP-BOTDA), are introduced to improve the spatial resolution, measurement accuracy and signal-to-noise ratio The principle of these two technologies, implementation methods and advantages over the traditional BOTDA technology. A new technique for simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain using the properties of PMF and PCF is presented.