目的探讨长期大脑中动脉闭塞 (MCAO)后丘脑、黑质网状部 (sNr)微管相关蛋白 (MAP－ 2)以及胶质纤维酸性蛋白 (GFAP)的变化。方法 35只 SD大鼠分为 7组，即正常组、伪手术组 2周组、伪手术 1个月组、 MCAO后 2周组、 1个月组、 3个月组和 6个月。每组 5只， Tamura法制作动物模型。脑切片分别用鼠脑 MAP－ 2、 GFAP抗体， ABC法染色。结果缺血后 1个月 MAP－ 2减少， GFAP增加， 6个月后丝极消失。结论神经细胞 MAP－ 2减少和胶质细胞 GFAP增加是长期 MCAO后丘脑、 sNr萎缩的基础。 Objective To investigate the changes of microtubule-associated protein (MAP-2) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the thalamus and substantia nigra mesh (sNr) after long-term middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) Methods 35 SD rats were divided into 7 groups: normal group, sham operation group, 2 weeks group, sham operation group, 2 weeks group, 1 month group, 3 months group and 6 months after MCAO. Each group of 5, Tamura animal model. The brain sections were stained with mouse brain MAP-2, GFAP antibody and ABC method respectively. Results MAP-2 and GFAP increased 1 month after ischemia, and disappeared after 6 months. Conclusion The decrease of MAP-2 and the increase of GFAP in glial cells are the basis of atrophy of thalamus and sNr after long-term MCAO.