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目的监测孕妇和哺乳妇食用新标准食盐[碘含量(18~33 mg/kg)]的碘营养水平,指导全省碘缺乏病防控工作。方法选取安宁市、牟定县、南涧县、宁洱县、梁河县,每个县(市)选择城区和近城区农村、偏远山区农村各1个乡镇,每个乡镇抽取至少30名孕妇或哺乳妇,检查其甲状腺大小,采集其尿样及其家中的食用盐分别测定尿碘含量和盐碘含量,采集项目点饮用水测定水碘含量,对受检人群进行碘缺乏病健康教育知晓率调查。结果抽取的水样中碘含量中位数为1.59μg/L;盐碘中位数为23.7mg/kg,碘盐合格率为95.9%,合格碘盐食用率为94.8%;尿碘中位数为168.7μg/L,总体上5个县的尿碘之间具有统计学差异(P<0.01);孕妇和乳妇尿碘中位数分别为175.5μg/L、163.6μg/L,孕妇<150μg/L占39.9μg/L,乳妇<100μg/L占22.2μg/L;孩子半岁后乳妇的平均尿碘高于半岁前的乳妇,二者尿碘中位数构成分布有统计学差异(P<0.05);城区和农村尿碘中位数分别为158.8μg/L、172.5μg/L,农村高于城区,二者尿碘有统计学差异(P<0.01);甲肿率(B超法)为0.9%。碘缺乏病健康教育知晓率为69.6%。结论孕妇和乳妇尿碘中位数总体适宜,但部分人群存在碘营养不足的健康风险,通过增加食用富碘食品和碘营养制剂增加碘摄入,或者给这些特殊人群供应较高浓度的食用碘盐[碘含量30mg/kg(21~39mg/kg)],以保障孕期和哺乳期适宜的碘营养水平。
Objective To monitor the iodine nutrition level of new standard salt [iodine content (18-33 mg / kg)] for pregnant women and lactating women to guide the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders in the whole province. Methods Anning, Mouding, Nanjian, Ning’er and Lianghe counties were selected. Each county (municipality) chose one township in rural areas and rural areas in remote areas and rural areas in remote mountainous areas. At least 30 pregnant women Or lactating women to check the size of the thyroid gland, urine samples collected from their families and their consumption of salt were measured urinary iodine content and iodine content, the project points drinking water to determine the water iodine content of the population undergoing iodine deficiency disorders health education awareness Rate survey. Results The median of iodine in water sample was 1.59 μg / L, the median of salt iodine was 23.7 mg / kg, the pass rate of iodized salt was 95.9%, the qualified iodized salt was 94.8% (168.7μg / L). There was a statistically significant difference (P <0.01) between urinary iodine in five counties and that in pregnant women and lactating women was 175.5μg / L and 163.6μg / L, respectively / L accounted for 39.9μg / L, breast milk <100μg / L accounted for 22.2μg / L; children after six months of age, average urinary iodine milk women than before six months of age, the median urinary iodine composition distribution statistics (P <0.05). The median urinary iodine concentrations in urban and rural areas were 158.8 μg / L and 172.5 μg / L, respectively, which were higher in rural areas than in urban areas (P <0.01) (B super law) was 0.9%. Iodine deficiency disease health education awareness was 69.6%. Conclusions The median urinary iodine of pregnant women and breast-feeding women is generally suitable, but some people have the health risk of iodine deficiency nutrition, increase iodine intake by eating iodine-rich foods and iodine nutrition preparations, or supply these special populations with higher concentration of food Iodized salt [iodine content of 30mg / kg (21 ~ 39mg / kg]], in order to ensure proper iodine nutrition during pregnancy and lactation.