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自由飞行能够提高空域容量从而缓解空域拥挤问题,在保障自由飞行安全性的基础上尽可能减小飞机的安全间距,需要研究自由飞行条件下飞机的安全评估问题。分析了所需CNS性能、防撞系统、风的因素等自由飞行下航空器定位误差的影响因素,考虑到航空器定位误差在短时间内具有累积性,提出采用INS、GPS数据融合算法对定位误差进行周期性修正。给出修正后的航空器定位误差分布在时间上的变化规律,并将其运用到自由飞行下碰撞风险评估中。结果表明,碰撞风险随安全间距增加呈下降趋势,以1.5×10-8次/飞行小时的目标安全水平为例,对航空器定位误差修正的最小安全间距为8 600 m,不对航空器定位误差进行修正的最小安全间距为9 100 m。
Free flight can improve the capacity of airspace to alleviate the problem of airspace congestion. In order to reduce the safety margin of the aircraft on the basis of ensuring the safety of free flight, it is necessary to study the safety assessment of the aircraft under free flight conditions. In this paper, the factors that affect the positioning error of aircraft under free flight such as required CNS performance, collision avoidance system and wind factors are analyzed. Considering the accumulative error of aircraft positioning error in a short period of time, the INS and GPS data fusion algorithms are proposed for positioning error Periodic correction. The revised law of aircraft position error distribution over time is given and applied to the collision risk assessment under free flight. The results show that the collision risk decreases with the increase of safety distance. Taking the target safety level of 1.5 × 10-8 times / flight hours as an example, the minimum safety clearance for aircraft positioning error correction is 8 600 m, and the aircraft positioning error is not corrected The minimum safety clearance is 9 100 m.