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生物柴油是一种新型、可再生的替代燃料,其主要成分是脂肪酸甲酯类化合物。常用制备生物柴油的方法有:有酸催化酯化法,碱催化酯交换法,生物酶催化酯交换法,和超临界酯交换法等。目前生物柴油在国内没有被普及的瓶颈主要在于,生产成本过高或产物分离工序复杂。掌握制备生物柴油的反应动力学对优化生物柴油的生产工艺有重要的作用,该文总结了目前制备生物柴油的常用几种方法的反应动力学。
Biodiesel is a new, renewable alternative fuel whose main component is fatty acid methyl esters. Common methods for the preparation of biodiesel are: acid-catalyzed esterification, base-catalyzed transesterification, bio-enzyme-catalyzed transesterification, and supercritical transesterification. At present, the bottleneck that biodiesel is not popularized in China mainly lies in the fact that the production cost is too high or the product separation process is complicated. Mastering the reaction kinetics of preparing biodiesel plays an important role in optimizing the production process of biodiesel. This article summarizes the reaction kinetics of several commonly used methods for preparing biodiesel.