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目的探讨民办高校新生SCL-90异常因子与心理问题严重者(≥3)分布情况,不同类型大学新生在SCL-90因子分上的差异及家庭因素对新生心理健康的影响。方法采用自编的民办高校新生基本资料调查表和症状自评量表(SCL-90),在西北地区某大城市中随机选取某民办高校08级新生113名进行测量。结果 1在SCL-90因子中,检出率最高的因子依次为:强迫症、人际敏感、抑郁和敌对(并列第3),至少1个因子≥3的学生总体检出率为15.04%;2不同性别的新生仅在恐怖因子上存在显著差异(t=2.41,P<0.05);来自不同生源地的新生仅在人际敏感因子上存在显著差异(F=3.35,P<0.05);独生子女与非独生子女在SCL-90各因子及总分上均不存在显著差异(t=1.57或0.50,P>0.05);3父母文化程度、家庭经济状况等家庭因素对新生的心理健康水平没有显著影响(F=1.49或0.02,P>0.05)。结论民办高校学生的心理健康水平相对较低。研究者未来应探讨新生个体内的心理健康素质,以及学校因素或社会微环境对民办高校新生心理健康的影响。
Objective To explore the distribution of abnormal SCL-90 and severe psychological problems (≥3) among freshmen in private colleges and universities, the difference of SCL-90 scores between different types of freshmen and the impact of family factors on freshmen’s mental health. Methods The basic information questionnaire and self-rating symptom scale (SCL-90) of freshmen in private colleges and universities were used to select 113 freshmen in a certain non-governmental university in a large city in Northwest China. Results 1 Among the SCL-90 factors, the highest detection rates were obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity, depression and hostility (ranked No. 3). The overall detection rate of at least 1 factor ≥3 was 15.04%. 2 The freshmen of different genders had only significant differences in terrorist factors (t = 2.41, P <0.05); freshmen from different places of origin had only significant differences in interpersonal sensitivity factors (F = 3.35, P <0.05) There was no significant difference (t = 1.57 or 0.50, P> 0.05) among non-singleton children in all factors and total score of SCL-90.3 Family factors such as parental education level and family economic status had no significant effect on the mental health of newborn (F = 1.49 or 0.02, P> 0.05). Conclusion The level of mental health of private college students is relatively low. In the future, researchers should explore the mental health quality of newly born individuals, as well as the impact of school factors or social microenvironment on the mental health of freshmen in private universities.