自然灾害是指这样一些自然现象:某些生态系统中一些要素的存在方式发生较大变化,引起要素之间的关系发生巨变,从而严重破坏了生态系统的平衡态,造成生态系统的畸形输出,导致人员的伤亡、财产损失等恶性后果。既然自然灾害是生态系统的结构处于病态时的产物,对人类的生存造成极大威胁,那么研究人类预防、抵抗自然灾害的科学方法就显得十分必要。 Natural disasters refer to such natural phenomena as the existence of some elements in some ecosystems that change in a large way and cause a drastic change in the relations between the elements, which seriously undermines the equilibrium of the ecosystem and causes the abnormal output of the ecosystem. Caused by the casualties, property losses and other vicious consequences. Since natural disasters are the product of the structure of ecosystems in the pathological state, posing a great threat to human survival, it is necessary to study the scientific methods of human prevention and resistance to natural disasters.