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作为智能电网重要组成部分,微网的运行控制是维持其安全稳定运行的关键技术,特别当微网处于长时间孤岛运行模式时,微网能量的合理分配与系统控制的稳定性密切相关。在基于电压/频率型和功率型两类的分布式电源的微网系统,引入能量管理系统来解决孤岛状态下微网的能量平衡以及节点电压的稳定问题。分析了微网中频率、节点电压与分布式电源输出功率间的关系,研究了微网孤岛模式下的功率流动与分配问题。在此基础上提出了基于能量管理系统的微网有功功率与无功功率分配机制,并根据微网结构对有功功率分配进行了负载就近分配的优化设计。在EMTDC/PSCAD环境下对微网的孤岛运行模式进行了仿真,仿真结果表明在孤岛模式下能量管理系统能很好地完成对微网系统的运行控制与能量分配,保证系统的稳定性。
As an important part of the smart grid, the operation control of the microgrid is the key technology to maintain its security and stability. Especially when the microgrid is in a long-time islanding operation mode, the rational distribution of microgrid energy is closely related to the stability of the system control. In the microgrid system based on distributed power supply of voltage / frequency type and power type, an energy management system is introduced to solve the energy balance of the microgrid and the voltage stability of the nodes under the islanding condition. The relationship between frequency, node voltage and distributed power output power in micro-grid is analyzed, and the problem of power flow and distribution in micro-grid islanding mode is studied. Based on this, the active power distribution and reactive power distribution are proposed based on the energy management system, and the optimal distribution of the active power distribution is optimized according to the micro-grid structure. Simulation of islanding operation of microgrid in EMTDC / PSCAD environment shows that the energy management system can well control the operation and energy distribution of microgrid system in islanding mode, and ensure the stability of the system.