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平行排列 3× 3单模光纤耦合器在光开关、光缓存器、光谐振腔、光滤波器等方面有很重要的应用 ,偏振态的演化和波长特性是耦合器应用中的关键问题。利用模耦合理论对平行排列 3× 3单模光纤耦合器的输出性能进行了详细分析 ,得出了光纤引线对耦合器的输出偏振态演化起主要作用 ,而耦合区的影响则比较小 ;通过理论推导模耦合系数 ,分析了耦合器的分光比随波长的变化关系 ,得出了输出分光比比较稳定的耦合器所需要的合适芯间距(对于我们研制的为 12 .5 μm)。并采用可移动火焰实际研制出了具有长耦合区的平行排列 3× 3单模光纤耦合器 ,测试表明输入光波长在 1 5 0 0～ 1 5 75 μm范围内变化时 ,耦合器的输出分光比变化不大 ,理论与实验结果基本相符
The parallel arranged 3 × 3 single-mode fiber couplers have very important applications in optical switches, optical buffers, optical resonators and optical filters. The evolution and the wavelength characteristics of polarization are the key issues in coupler applications. The output performance of 3 × 3 single-mode fiber couplers arranged in parallel is analyzed in detail by means of the mode coupling theory. It is found that the fiber lead plays a major role in the evolution of the output polarization state of the coupler, while the influence of the coupling region is small. The theoretical derivation of the mode coupling coefficient is made. The relationship between the splitting ratio of the coupler and the wavelength is analyzed. The suitable core spacing (12.5 μm for our study) is obtained for the coupler with a relatively stable output splitting ratio. In parallel, a 3 × 3 single-mode fiber coupler with a long coupling region was developed by using a movable flame. The test shows that when the wavelength of the input light changes within a range of 1550 ~ 1575 μm, the output of the coupler is split The change is not big, the theory and the experiment result basically match