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基于中国2000~2012年的省级面板数据,实证研究了空间集聚与二氧化碳排放的内生关系和空间交互影响,并考虑了不同环境规制措施在这一机制中的作用。结果表明,集聚与二氧化碳排放存在倒U型曲线关系,集聚达到一定程度则具有“自净”作用,现阶段碳排放不是地区集聚的离心力,相邻地区存在交互影响机制;环境规制对地区集聚具有离心力作用,区域间联合治理有助于实现碳减排,区域间共同执行严格的排污费征收标准可以更有效地控制碳排放,缓解“污染避难所”效应。从长远来看,经济活动的集中符合城市发展规律,有利于集聚发挥规模效应,降低二氧化碳排放,同时也有利于提升企业的环保意识,推动地区间共同制定强制性环境规制措施,形成碳减排的内在动力和外在约束。
Based on the provincial panel data from 2000 to 2012 in China, this paper empirically studies the endogenous and spatial interactions between spatial agglomeration and carbon dioxide emissions, and considers the role of different environmental regulatory measures in this mechanism. The results show that there exists an inverted U-shaped curve between agglomeration and carbon dioxide emission, and the accumulation reaches a certain degree with a “self-purification” effect. At this stage, carbon emissions are not the centrifugal force of regional agglomeration, and there are interaction mechanisms in adjacent areas. Centrifugal force and inter-regional joint management can help reduce carbon emission. Joint implementation of strict standards for collection of sewage charges between regions can control carbon emissions more effectively and mitigate the effect of “pollution shelter.” In the long run, the concentration of economic activities conforms to the law of urban development, which is conducive to agglomeration to exert the economies of scale and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. At the same time, it is also conducive to raising environmental awareness of enterprises and promoting inter-regional co-ordination of compulsory environmental regulatory measures to form carbon emission reduction The internal motivation and external constraints.