目的了解淮安市手足口病重症病例流行病学特征,为减少重症病例的发生提供依据。方法根据《传染病报告信息管理系统》2010—2013年报告的手足口病重症病例个案资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2010—2013年淮安市共报告手足口病重症病例319例,死亡6例;重症病例中≤3岁儿童占94.67%,男性发病率为24.63%,女性为12.90%;散居儿童占87.15%。在时间分布上形成5—7和9—10月2个高峰。78.06%的重症病例发生在盱眙县;EV71感染的重症病例占73.95%。结论该市手足口病重症病例主要集中在≤3岁儿童,男性多于女性,以散居儿童为主,地区差异明显手足口病的防制应观注重症病例,以降低病死率。 Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD cases in Huaian and to provide basis for reducing the incidence of severe cases. Methods According to the case data of HFMD cases reported in 2010-2013 of Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System, the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the cases. Results A total of 319 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Huai’an from 2010 to 2013, with 6 deaths. In severe cases, children aged ≤3 years accounted for 94.67%. The incidence of males was 24.63% and that of females was 12.90%. The scattered children accounted for 87.15%. 5-7 and September-October 2 peaks are formed on the time distribution. 78.06% of the serious cases occurred in Xuyi County; the severe cases of EV71 infection accounted for 73.95%. Conclusion The severe cases of hand, foot and mouth disease in this city are mainly concentrated in children ≤ 3 years old, more than in men and mainly in scattered children. The regional differences are obvious. Hand-foot-mouth disease prevention and treatment should be emphasized in order to reduce the case fatality rate.