论文部分内容阅读
【目的】探明不同整形改造技术对郁闭树体有效光合辐射、叶绿素荧光及果实品质等的影响,为果树冠层微生态环境优化及高产稳产提供理论依据。【方法】以15 a(年)生枳橙砧‘奥林达’夏橙为试材,分别对郁闭植株(CK)进行开心形、篱壁形和变则主干形修剪处理,然后利用CI-110植物冠层分析仪测定植株冠层有效光合辐射分布、利用多功能植物效率分析仪M-PEA测定叶片快速叶绿素荧光的变化。【结果】不同处理植株的光合有效辐射、光合色素含量、快速叶绿素荧光参数在6月至9月差异明显:树体有效光合辐射(PAR)逐月明显下降;叶片光合色素呈先明显上升后略微下降的趋势;在试验测定阶段,植株叶片光系统活性、光能利用率、光合机构性能逐渐提高,叶片放氧复合体(OEC)受到伤害程度降低。几种整形改造方式对树体各项生理指标的影响明显,开心形、篱壁形和主干形等3种处理植株光合有效辐射、光合色素含量、光能利用率及光系统性能等均较对照明显提高。单株产量及果实品质以开心形最优,篱壁形、主干形次之,但均优于对照。【结论】通过树形改造改善了冠层微生态重要因子即光合有效辐射状况,树体的叶片光合色素含量、光合结构性能、光合机构自我保护能力、光合效率、PSI与PSII的协调性等都有极大的提升,明显改善了植株单株产量及果实品质。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different plastic-modification techniques on photosynthetic radiation, chlorophyll fluorescence and fruit quality of canopy trees, providing theoretical basis for optimization of canopy micro-ecological environment and high and stable yield. 【Method】 With 15 years old citrus ’Orange’ anolinda summer orange as tested material, the closed plant (CK) was treated with trunk shape pruning with heart shape, -110 plant canopy analyzer measured canopy photosynthetic radiation distribution, the use of multi-functional plant efficiency analyzer M-PEA rapid leaf chlorophyll fluorescence changes. 【Result】 The photosynthetic active radiation, photosynthetic pigment content and fast chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of different treatments were significantly different from June to September: the photosynthetic radiation (PAR) of tree significantly decreased on a monthly basis; photosynthetic pigment in leaves first increased slightly and then slightly The light system activity, the light energy utilization rate, the photosynthetic apparatus performance of the plant leaves gradually increased, and the damage degree of the OEC of the leaves decreased. The effects of several plastic deformation methods on the physiological indexes of the tree were obvious. Compared with the control, the photosynthetic active radiation, photosynthetic pigment content, light energy utilization rate and light system performance of the three treatments such as happy heart shape, Significantly improved. The yield per plant and the fruit quality were the best in happy shape, followed by the wall shape and the trunk shape, but both were better than the control. 【Conclusion】 The improvement of photosynthetic active radiation, the content of photosynthetic pigment, the photosynthetic structure, the self-protection ability of photosynthetic apparatus, the photosynthetic efficiency, the coordination of PSI and PSII in canopy, were all improved by tree transformation. A great improvement, significantly improved plant yield per plant and fruit quality.