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目的:调查陕西省农村人群原发性开角型青光眼的患病率及相关影响因素。方法:2003-07/12,采用按比例随机整群抽样的方法在陕南、陕北及关中3个地区农村调查8500人,所有受检人员均进行标准问卷调查,包括询问青光眼确诊史、家族史、发作史及手术史,并进行了相关的眼科检查,包括视力、外眼、眼前节、眼底检查。≥50岁人群及怀疑有高眼压者对其应用压平式眼压计测量眼压。对可疑青光眼者进行进一步检查,包括复查眼压、前房角镜检查、视野检查。结果:8500人中共有6815人完成了青光眼的相关检查,受检率为80.18%。原发性开角型青光眼患者共有9例,年龄为38～80(平均62.0)岁,患病率为0.13%,≥30岁、≥40岁和≥50岁人群患病率分别为0.23%、0.28%和0.39%。可疑原发性开角型青光眼患者有12例(0.18%),年龄为35～77(平均54.7)岁,比原发性开角型青光眼患者平均年龄约小7岁。多因素logistic回归分析显示患病率随着年龄的增长而增加(P=0.023)。除年龄外,高度近视也是该人群开角型青光眼发生的危险因素。有青光眼确诊史的患者占22.22%,其中无1例接受过药物或手术治疗。66.67%(6例)原发性开角型青光眼患者存在不同程度的视力损伤,其中盲目占33.33%。结论:原发性开角型青光眼的患病率与国内其他报道相近,且随着年龄的增长而增加。绝大部分患者无青光眼确诊史,并且从未接受过任何相关治疗。
Objective: To investigate the prevalence and related factors of primary open-angle glaucoma in rural population in Shaanxi Province. Methods: From July to August 2003, a randomized cluster sampling method was used to survey 8500 people in rural areas in three areas of southern Shaanxi, northern Shaanxi and central Shaanxi Province. All surveyed staff conducted a standard questionnaire survey, including asking about the diagnosis of glaucoma, family history History, history of seizures and history of surgery, and carried out the relevant eye examination, including vision, eye, anterior segment, fundus examination. People over 50 years of age and those suspected of having high intraocular pressure were measured by intraocular pressure tonometer. Suspected glaucoma for further examination, including the review of intraocular pressure, gonioscopy, visual field examination. Results: A total of 6,815 people out of 8500 people completed the related examination of glaucoma, the examination rate was 80.18%. A total of 9 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, aged from 38 to 80 (average 62.0) years old, the prevalence was 0.13%, ≥30 years old, ≥40 years old and ≥50-year-old population prevalence rates were 0.23% 0.28% and 0.39%. 12 (0.18%) patients with suspected primary open-angle glaucoma were aged 35-77 (mean, 54.7) years, and were about 7 years younger than those with primary open-angle glaucoma. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence increased with age (P = 0.023). In addition to age, high myopia is also a risk factor for open-angle glaucoma in this population. The diagnosed history of glaucoma accounted for 22.22% of patients, none of which received drug or surgical treatment. 66.67% (6 cases) of primary open-angle glaucoma patients with varying degrees of visual impairment, of which blind accounted for 33.33%. Conclusion: The prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma is similar to other reports in China and increases with age. The vast majority of patients have no definite history of glaucoma and have never received any treatment.