3年来在滇东南岩溶山区开展的树种配置试验的初步研究结果表明 :影响岩溶山地林木生长的主要因素是坡度、岩石裸露率、土类、土层厚度和土壤中的石砾含量 ,而坡向、坡位、土壤的吸湿水、旱季土壤含水率、pH值及土壤养分对林木生长的影响不明显。在岩溶地区的造林应采取特殊的措施 ,尽量保护原有植被 ,对于形成复层的林分结构具有非常重要的作用 ,特别是在多石的薄层石灰土类型上 ,人工种植的阔叶树生长较差 ,通过种植针叶树 ,能形成乔灌草结构的复层林分 ,对改善岩溶山区的生态环境效果十分明显。在吸湿水、全氮、水解氮、速效磷、速效钾、pH值、有机质和旱季土壤含水率等 8个土壤性状中 ,吸湿水、速效磷、速效钾 3个性状在年度间的差异非常显著 ,其中吸湿水平均增加 3 6 6 % ,每kg干土中的速效磷和速效钾平均分别增加9 99mg和 4 2 5 9mg ,显示出林木对土壤的改良作用。在多石的石灰土类型上 ,适宜营造墨西哥柏、郭芬柏和冲天柏等针叶树 ,在其中土层较厚的地方可种植银荆 ;在厚层山地红壤类型上 ,适宜营造墨西哥柏、冲天柏、郭芬柏、川滇桤木、滇合欢、银荆、杜仲、酸枣、苦刺等针阔、阔阔混交林以提高其生态和经济效益 Preliminary results of tree species allocation experiments conducted in the karst mountainous areas of southeast Yunnan in the past three years show that the main factors affecting the forest growth in karst mountain areas are slope, rock bareness, soil type, soil thickness and soil gravel content, , Slope position, soil hygroscopic water, soil moisture content in dry season, pH value and soil nutrient had no obvious effect on forest growth. Afforestation in karst areas should take special measures to protect the original vegetation as far as possible and play an important role in the formation of the stratum structure of the stratum. Especially in the multi-stratum limestone soil type, the growth of artificially planted broad-leaved trees Poor, through the planting of conifers, can form the arbor shrub structure stratum, to improve the karst mountain ecological environment effect is very obvious. Among 8 soil characters, including hygroscopic water, total nitrogen, hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, pH value, organic matter and soil moisture in dry season, there were significant differences in the three characters of hygroscopic water, available phosphorus and available potassium , Of which the moisture absorption level increased by 36.6%. The average available-available phosphorus and available potassium per kg dry soil increased by 999mg and 4259mg respectively, which showed the improvement effect of forest trees on soil. In the stony lime soil type, it is appropriate to create coniferous trees such as Mexican cypress, Guofu cypress and Cymbidium and so on. In the thick mountainous red soil types, it is suitable to create the cypresses of Mexican cypress, Guo Fenbai, Sichuan Alder, Acacia, Yin Jing, Eucommia, jujube, bitter thorns and other broad-leaved and broad-leaved mixed forest in order to enhance their ecological and economic benefits