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本文报告二例小儿急性肺水肿,其年龄各为10岁及7岁。1例患急性脑炎并脑水肿,另1例为严重头颅创伤。两患儿均用10％甘露醇静脉注射治疗急性脑水肿、相继于第4及第5日出现显著且相同的急性肿水肿和中心静脉压的升高,并有骤发特殊的生化紊乱:低钠血症和高氮质血症。经调整及减少输液量,并用正压辅助换气治疗后,临床症状及生化紊乱迅速得到恢复。本文还讨论了甘露醇引起此种紊乱的作用。
This article reports two cases of pediatric acute pulmonary edema, each of which is 10 and 7 years old. One patient had acute encephalitis and brain edema, the other one was severe head injury. Both children were treated with intravenous injection of 10% mannitol for acute cerebral edema, with significant and identical increases in acute edema and central venous pressure on days 4 and 5 with the onset of special biochemical disturbances: low Naivemia and hyper azotemia. After adjustment and reduction of infusion volume, and with positive pressure assisted ventilation, clinical symptoms and biochemical disorders quickly recovered. This article also discusses the role of mannitol in causing this disorder.