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目的了解肠道门诊腹泻患者感染病原体构成分布情况,为制定预防措施提供参考。方法通过病原学标本检测方法,对某医院肠道门诊2014年度接诊的急性腹泻患者粪便标本进行检测与分析。结果该医院肠道门诊2014年全年共接诊急性腹泻患者543例,均采集粪便标本进行检测,共检出病原微生物104株,总检出率为19.15%。在104株病原微生物中,肠道致病菌43株,居前3位的是沙门菌属、变形杆菌属和志贺菌属;肠道病毒61株,其中诺如病毒居首位,其次是轮状病毒和腺病毒。肠道细菌感染主要出现在夏秋季,而肠道病毒感染则多见于秋季;以青壮年患者居多。结论肠道门诊腹泻患者以病毒感染为主,患者出现具有明显的季节性和特定年龄,以加强饮食卫生和餐饮具消毒为主要防控措施。
Objective To understand the distribution of infectious pathogens in patients with diarrhea in the gut clinic and provide references for the development of preventive measures. Methods The etiological specimens were used to detect and analyze the stool specimens of patients with acute diarrhea admitted to the intestine clinic of a hospital in 2014. Results In 2014, 543 patients with acute diarrhea were admitted to the intestine clinic of the hospital. Stool samples were collected for detection. A total of 104 pathogenic microorganisms were detected, with a total detection rate of 19.15%. Of 104 strains of pathogenic microorganisms, 43 were pathogenic bacteria of intestinal tract, among which the top 3 were Salmonella, Proteus and Shigella, 61 enterovirus, of which Norovirus was the highest, followed by Viruses and adenoviruses. Intestinal bacterial infections occur mainly in summer and autumn, and enterovirus infections are more common in the fall; mostly young patients. Conclusions The patients with diarrhea in the gut clinic are mainly infected with virus. The patients have obvious seasonal and specific age, and the main prevention and control measures are to strengthen the food hygiene and the disinfection of the tableware.