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为了给亚麻种质创新和品种遗传改良提供优质种质资源,利用60 Co-γ射线(200Gy、350Gy和500Gy)和甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)(0.2%处理30h和0.3%处理24h)分别对亚麻黑亚19种子进行诱变处理,处理后在田间进行M1农艺性状的观察和分析。结果表明:经过理化诱变的亚麻在M1即可得到叶色、叶形、株高、分枝、茎粗、花色、花形和不育等多种性状变异的突变体,为亚麻突变体库的构建奠定了良好的基础。研究还发现,理化诱变对亚麻M1成苗率和种子产量的影响有所不同。高剂量60 Co-γ射线诱变的亚麻成苗率较低,但种子产量不低;高浓度EMS诱变的亚麻成苗率较高,但大多数是不育植株,导致种子产量较低。
In order to provide high quality germplasm resources for flax germplasm innovation and genetic improvement, 60 Co-γ-ray (200Gy, 350Gy and 500Gy) and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) were used (0.2% treatment for 30h and 0.3% treatment for 24h) Thirteen seeds of Heyaheya were mutagenized, respectively. After treatment, M1 agronomic traits were observed and analyzed in the field. The results showed that mutants with different morphological characters such as leaf color, leaf shape, plant height, branch, stem diameter, flower color, flower shape and sterility could be obtained through physicochemical mutagenesis of M1. Construction has laid a good foundation. The study also found that physical and chemical mutagenesis of flax M1 seedling rate and seed yield are different. High-dose 60 Co-γ ray induced flax seedling rate is low, but the seed yield is not low; high concentration of EMS mutagenesis flax seedling rate is higher, but most are sterile plants, resulting in lower seed yield.